Showing posts with label freedom of speech. Show all posts
Showing posts with label freedom of speech. Show all posts

11 November 2025

Pentagon Bans Books from Base Schools

 

[The Pentagon has attempted to ban books from schools on military bases, citing concerns over “divisive concepts” and “gender ideology,” leading to the removal of titles about race, gender, and LGBTQ+ issues.  A federal judge ordered these books to be returned to the shelves, however, ruling that the removals were not based on pedagogical concerns but on improper partisan motivation, National Public Radio reports.  The affected schools serve the children of military personnel, and the initial bans impacted a wide range of materials, from children’s books to Advanced Placement psychology texts, according to the American Civil Liberties Union.] 

PENTAGON’S ATTEMPT TO BAN BOOKS FROM BASE SCHOOLS
FACES BACKLASH FROM MILITARY FAMILIES
by Nick Schifrin, Dan Sagalyn, and Morgan Till

[On 6 February 2025, the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA, the Pentagon agency responsible for planning, directing, coordinating, and managing pre-kindergarten through 12th-grade educational programs), announced it would remove books related to “gender ideology or discriminatory equity ideology topics” from its schools.

[The DoD stated that the books were “incompatible with the department’s core mission” and cited the need to remove “divisive concepts.”  The order affected more than 100 schools serving children of active-duty and civilian military personnel, reports the ACLU.  (The action was a direct result of the overarching Pentagon directive to eliminate materials related to diversity, equity, and inclusion [DEI], as were earlier operations in the libraries of the service academies.)  The approximately 596 books and 41 curricular materials removed included books with “left-leaning ideology” on topics like racism, gender identity, LGBTQ+ history, and even some civics and historical texts. 

[Titles removed included Julián Is a Mermaid by Jessica Love, Alice Oseman’s graphic novel series Heartstopper, Stamped: Racism, Antiracism, and You by Jason Reynolds, as well as such well-known and award-winning titles as Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, Alice Walker’s The Color Purple, and Maya Angelou’s autobiographical I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings.

[The policy also resulted in the cancellation of cultural observances like Black History Month and Pride Month events, and the removal of posters of historical figures like Mexican artist Frida Kahlo and First Lady Michelle Obama.  The effort faced significant backlash from military families, free speech advocates, and organizations like PEN America, who characterized the actions as sweeping and ideologically driven censorship.

[The ACLU filed a lawsuit on behalf of students in DoDEA schools, reports Virginia Mercury, an independent, nonprofit online news organization covering Virginia state government and policy.

[On 20 October 2025, a federal judge in the Eastern District of Virginia in Alexandria ruled in favor of the students, ordering the immediate return of the removed books and materials.  In the “Memorandum Opinion,” the judge wrote that DoD “violated Plaintiffs’ First Amendment rights by removing library books at DoDEA schools and making changes to curricular material in implementation of various Presidential Executive Orders.”  The judge stated the removals were not for pedagogical concerns but were motivated by “improper partisan motivation.”  As a result of the ruling, the books are being returned to the school libraries.

[(Here I remind readers that on numerous occasions, both on Rick On Theater and elsewhere, I’ve acknowledged that I am as near a First Amendment absolutist as you can get.  I hold with the character Stephen Hopkins, the irascible delegate to the Continental Congress from Connecticut in the musical 1776, who says: “Well, I’ll tell y’—in all my years I never heard, seen, nor smelled an issue that was so dangerous it couldn’t be talked about. . . .  Hell yes, I’m for debatin’ anything . . . !”)

[The federal judge’s preliminary injunction is limited only to the five schools on U.S. military bases in Virginia, Kentucky, Italy, and Japan attended by the plaintiffs in the lawsuit.  This decision was based on a recent Supreme Court ruling that limits the ability of lower courts to issue nationwide injunctions.  The ACLU is exploring options to expand the scope of the injunction to all 161 DoDEA schools worldwide.

[The preliminary injunction is not the final ruling on the entire case; a hearing on the full merits of the lawsuit will follow.  DoDEA and the Department of Defense are still involved in the active litigation and have generally declined to comment on specifics while the case is pending.

[The transcript below is from the PBS News Hour segment on 23 October 2025.]

Geoff Bennett [Co-anchor of “PBS News Hour”]: The Trump administration made it clear from its earliest days this year that it wanted to change the culture of the U.S. military. One effort targeted books about race, gender and sexuality in the libraries of military-based schools that service members’ children attend.

But, this week, a federal judge ruled that the books taken off the shelves had to be returned and the curriculum of the military changed had to be restored.

Before the ruling, Nick Schifrin and producer Dan Sagalyn traveled outside Fort Campbell, Kentucky, to speak to military families that fought through the courts for our series Art in Action, exploring the intersection of art and democracy, part of our Canvas coverage.

Jessica Henninger, Military Spouse [in a park with her children]: I can read to you while you eat your snackie.

Nick Schifrin: For Jessica Henninger, reading is fundamental.

Jessica Henninger [reading]: “A perfect plan, you say? A perfect way to spend the day?” [From Mac and Cheese and the Perfect Plan by Sarah Weeks (Harper, 2012).]

Nick Schifrin: And she’s tried to spend her days reading with her kids to help them better understand the world.

Jessica Henninger: Mac says: “I will get some milk for you.” Cheese says: “Let’s take some crackers too.”

Girl [Henninger’s daughter]: Yes, that’s what we have.

Jessica Henninger: You do have crackers.

I remember as a child growing up in a very small community. Books were really the only opportunity that I had to open up my world to different ideas and things outside of what I understood.

Nick Schifrin: Henninger is a soldier’s spouse and the parent of five . . .

Jessica Henninger: If it gets scary, let me know.

Nick Schifrin:  . . . who let us visit her family near Fort Campbell recently as long as we kept the kids anonymous. She supported her five children through play and education.

All of them are attending or graduating from Defense Department elementary and high schools, no matter where they have been based, from Kentucky to Vicenza, Italy.

Jessica Henninger: Our kids have consistently gotten a fantastic education, no matter where we have been stationed. And to just really be immersed in that diversity, I think, is a wonderful strength of what we have in the military.

Man [at a graduation ceremony]: I now declare you graduates of Fort Campbell High School.

Nick Schifrin: The Defense Department runs 161 schools across 10 time zones, with 67,000 children of service members and civilian department employees. Classes run from pre-K through 12th grade.

Man: The military may choose where we go, but we choose what we do to make our lives meaningful. [He was off camera, but sounded like a young man, probably a graduating senior addressing his classmates.]

Jessica Henninger: I always vetted out the education systems when we would move places to make sure that my children had a top-notch education and that they were going to be set up for success later on in life. And so that is part of the reason why I got involved in this lawsuit.

Nick Schifrin: In April, Henninger and five other military families serving on three continents filed a lawsuit against the Department of Defense’s Education Activity, or DoDEA, for — quote — “quarantining library books and whitewashing curricula,” calling it — quote — “systemwide censorship.”

Among 596 books the schools removed, Ta-Nehisi Coates’s “Between the World and Me,” Isabel Wilkerson’s “Caste,” and the AP psychology textbook, which has a gender and sex module, also removed, “A Queer History of the United States for Young People” [Michael Bronski], “When a Bully is President: Truth and Creativity for Oppressive Times” [Maya Christina Gonzalez], and “You-Ology: A Puberty Guide for EVERY Body” [Melisa Holmes].

The schools also removed portions of the middle school sex education course.

Jessica Henninger: The determination about what is appropriate for our children to consume in the libraries and the curriculum has always been left up to the experts, the people in the school who cultivate the libraries and the curriculum.

And I think that’s where it should be. Teaching an awareness of where we came from and making sure that we don’t make those same mistakes again, that’s not political. That’s education.

Nick Schifrin:  At this point, are you considering removing your kids from DoDEA or have you heard of any cases of families thinking, you know what, we want out of the system?

Jessica Henninger: I had a very serious conversation with my husband where I told him that if our children’s education seemed like it was going to be hijacked by political ideation, that I would not feel comfortable keeping our children in the DoDEA system.

That’s a heavy conversation to have to have with your significant other who is in the military and doesn’t have a choice in where they go. Potentially talking about splitting up your family, it’s heavy.

Donald Trump, President of the United States [video clip of a speech at the Congressional Institute]: It will stop our service members from being indoctrinated with radical left ideologies [House Republican Conference, 27 January 2025].

Nick Schifrin: The changes come from a series of January executive orders that targeted — quote — “un-American, divisive, discriminatory, radical, extremist and irrational theories, divisive concepts that American founding documents are racist or sexist and gender ideology.”

And in a court filing, the administration wrote: “The curriculum and book reviews were undertaken to implement DoDEA’s current pedagogical approach to teaching schoolchildren regarding gender and sexuality and to better promote an inclusive environment” and — quote — “Curating a library collection or developing a teaching curriculum is an act of government speech. It is therefore not subject to rigorous scrutiny under the First Amendment’s free speech clause.”

Corey Shapiro, Legal Director, ACLU of Kentucky: This is a public school. They are entitled to the same First Amendment rights as any student in any public school in this country. It’s always important to shine a light on what the government is doing.

Nick Schifrin: Corey Shapiro is the American Civil Liberty Union’s Kentucky legal director and one of the lawyers who sued DoDEA and Secretary Pete Hegseth.

Their focus is what they call war fighting. Their focus is on removing what they see as an ideology. If that’s how they think, don’t they have the right to say, well, we believe that this is a threat to our kids and we’re in charge of the system, so therefore we can change it?

Corey Shapiro: What they don’t necessarily have the right to do and the First Amendment protects is a student’s ability to access that information. And in the library in particular, the idea that the government can somehow determine what ideas can and cannot be even just accessed by students, that’s where the First Amendment steps in and protects those kids’ ability to access that information.

Nick Schifrin: This week, the court agreed, writing — quote — “The implementation process of book removals appears to this court to be inconsistent, unstructured and nontransparent.”

The judge ordered the books returned and the curricula restored, but only in the five schools listed in the lawsuit. It’s not clear yet if the administration will appeal, but this is a larger fight for Secretary Pete Hegseth.

Pete Hegseth, U.S. Defense Secretary: I remember coming home from public school in like 10th grade and saying: “Dad, why is Ronald Reagan always the bad guy in the textbooks?” [On an episode of the Shawn Ryan Show, 7 November 2024. The Shawn Ryan Show is a podcast that features interviews with military personnel and veterans.]

Nick Schifrin: Long before he became secretary, Hegseth criticized government education as too liberal.

Pete Hegseth: I grew up in a conservative, God-fearing regular old small-town America Minnesota, because the textbooks are written by lefties in New York City. Get your kids out of government school systems right now, if you can, if you have any way. Save money, move, get a second job, don’t take the vacation, sell the boat, whatever, drive for Uber.

Figure out what you need to do to get your kid out of the government school system because it’s about saving your kid right now.

Nick Schifrin: For Henninger and her family, they have to believe in government schools because it comes with their choice to serve the country. After graduating from a DoDEA school, their oldest daughter joined the military.

Jessica Henninger: My children have the same rights to freedom of education as every other student in this country. Just because their father is in the military doesn’t make their rights any less important.

Nick Schifrin: For the “PBS News Hour,” I’m Nick Schifrin in Clarksville, Tennessee [home of Fort Campbell].

[Nick Schifrin is PBS News Hour’s Foreign Affairs and Defense Correspondent. He leads News Hour’s daily foreign coverage, including multiple trips to Ukraine since the full-scale invasion, and has created weeklong series for the News Hour from nearly a dozen countries.

[The PBS News Hour series “Inside Putin’s Russia” won a 2017 Peabody Award and the National Press Club’s Edwin M. Hood Award for Diplomatic Correspondence. In 2020 Schifrin received the American Academy of Diplomacy’s Arthur Ross Media Award for Distinguished Reporting and Analysis of Foreign Affairs. He was a member of the News Hour teams awarded a 2021 Peabody for coverage of COVID-19, and a 2023 duPont Columbia Award for coverage of Afghanistan and Ukraine.

[Prior to PBS News Hour, Schifrin was Al Jazeera America’s Middle East correspondent. He led the channel’s coverage of the 2014 war in Gaza; reported on the Syrian war from Syria’s Turkish, Lebanese and Jordanian borders; and covered the annexation of Crimea. He won an Overseas Press Club award for his Gaza coverage and a National Headliners Award for his Ukraine coverage.

[From 2008-2012, Schifrin served as the ABC News correspondent in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In 2011 he was one of the first journalists to arrive in Abbottabad, Pakistan, after Osama bin Laden’s death and delivered one of the year’s biggest exclusives: the first video from inside bin Laden’s compound. His reporting helped ABC News win an Edward R. Murrow award for its bin Laden coverage.

[Schifrin is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a board member of the Overseas Press Club Foundation. He has a Bachelor’s degree from Columbia University and a Master of International Public Policy degree from the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS).

[As the deputy senior producer for foreign affairs and defense at the PBS News Hour, Dan Sagalyn plays a key role in helping oversee and produce the program’s foreign affairs and defense stories. His pieces have broken new ground on an array of military issues, exposing debates simmering outside the public eye.

[Morgan Till is the Senior Producer for Foreign Affairs and Defense (Foreign Editor) at the PBS News Hour, a position he has held since late 2015. He was for many years the lead foreign affairs producer for the program, traveling frequently to report on war, revolution, natural disasters and overseas politics. During his seven years in that position he reported from—among other places—Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, Haiti, South Korea, Brazil, Mexico, Canada and widely throughout Europe.]


04 May 2025

"The Arts and the Battle for the Soul of Civilization"

by Dr. Indira Etwaroo 

[The arts are at a crossroads.  I’ve blogged about the theater in crisis, especially the regional repertory companies, but this post is about all the arts, which Dr. Indira Etwaroo labels “the soul of civilization.”  When I started writing and posting about the crisis in America’s theaters, I was referring to finances, shrinking audiences, staffing issues, and other matters all lumped together in the category of arts-administrative concerns.

[The threat that Dr. Etwaroo is writing about below is political.  The culture war is specifically assaulting our arts institutions as surely as the Russians are assaulting Ukraine’s cities and infrastructures.  And the forces arrayed against the theaters, galleries, museums, dance companies, and orchestras—the big ones and the little ones—are using not just money as a weapon, but threats of legal action, and even take-overs.

[Dr. Etwaroo writes about one sector that’s among the most vulnerable: the arts organizations that serve the underserved and marginalized segments of our population.  Her alarming and frightening article was posted on the American Theatre website on 3 April 2025.]

Now is the time for artists and institutions to step up in defense of the most fragile and vulnerable among us—including our arts organizations themselves.

We stand at a critical crossroads in American history—a crossroads where democracy, creative expression, artistic freedom, and the very artists and arts institutions that uphold these ideals face unprecedented threats. It is not lost on me and so many others that one of the first political acts by the current administration—23 days following the inauguration—was the takeover of the Kennedy Center [12 February 2025], the national cultural center of the United States. Nobel Prize-winning writer Toni Morrison [1931-2019] makes clear an urgent truth:

I want to remind us all that art is dangerous. I want to remind you of the history of artists who have been murdered, slaughtered, imprisoned, chopped up, refused entrance. The history of art, whether in music or writing or what have you, has always been bloody, because dictators and people in office, and people who want to control and deceive, know exactly who will disturb their plans. And those people are artists.

[Remarks made by Morrison, appearing with authors Sonia Sanchez (poet and professor; b. 1934) and Ta-Nehisi Coates (b. 1975), on 15 June 2016 at Broadway’s Ambassador Theatre for Arts and Social Justice, an event presented by the Stella Adler Studio of Acting. Each writer also received the studio’s Marlon Brando Award in honor of their joint artistic and social justice commitments.]

At the heart of these threats lies the potential to erode our very civilization—to degrade the cornerstone of America’s enduring experiment in democracy and pluralism. This cornerstone is rooted in the moral arc of the universe, made more dynamic by former Attorney General Eric Holder [b. 1951; 82nd United States Attorney General: 2009-15] when he shared, “The arc of the moral universe bends towards justice—but only when we put our hands on that arc and pull it.” The erosion of civilization would halt that collective pull, silencing the voices and perspectives that embody humanity, decency, beauty, truth, and justice. This is no abstract concern; it is a crisis that demands immediate attention and action, as it risks leaving permanent tears in the already fragile fabric of America’s rich and diverse tapestry.

[The line about “the arc of the moral universe” that Etwaroo attributes to former AG Holder was apparently often quoted by him, most recently, perhaps, on 3 November 2024, when he posted on several social media sites a plea for his followers to vote for Kamala Harris (b. 1964) in the 2024 presidential election.  He didn’t originate the line, however.  He was probably quoting Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-68), the civil rights leader, who used the line often from as early as 1958.

[The coiner of the phrase—or, at least, the earliest recorded person to use it—appears to have been Theodore Parker (1810-60), an abolitionist and Unitarian minister from Massachusetts, who used it in an 1856 sermon.]

In a fabled lecture, anthropologist Margaret Mead [1901-78] once posed the question, “What is the earliest sign of civilization?” Students suggested answers like a clay pot, tools, or weapons. Mead responded, “The first sign of civilization is a healed femur.” The femur, the longest bone in the body, connects the hip to the knee. In societies without modern medicine, healing a fractured femur requires about six weeks of rest. A healed femur shows that someone cared for the injured person, providing support and protection until the injury healed. Mead explained that in societies where the rule of law is survival of the fittest, no healed femurs are found.

[The origin of the above Mead anecdote remains unknown and there’s no concrete evidence, such as a written statement or a recording of Mead, to verify independently its authenticity.  This search is summed up by Nur Ibrahim, a New York City-based journalist from Pakistan, on Snopes, a fact-checking website. and reported by numerous sources. 

[The attribution to Mead appears to have been popularized by Ira Byock (b. 1951), emeritus professor of medicine and community and family medicine at Dartmouth College’s Geisel School of Medicine, who claimed in his book The Best Care Possible: A Physician’s Quest to Transform Care Through the End of Life (Avery, 2012) that Mead made the statement in answer to a student’s question.  Other sources picked up the anecdote and retold it as fact without attribution.

[In Paul Brand and Philip Yancey’s 1980 book, Fearfully and Wonderfully Made: A Surgeon Looks at the Human and Spiritual Body (Zondervan Publishing House), however, co-author Brand (British physician and surgeon; 1914-2003) recalled a different source for the story: a lecture given by Mead.  The anecdote spread in various renderings in newspapers, speeches, and on the ’Net.

[In an authenticated remark, however, Mead had a different sign of a civilization in an interview she gave in Talks with Social Scientists (Southern Illinois University Press), edited by Charles F. Madden and published in 1968.  A published transcript is linked to Mead's Wikiquote page.  (On Rick On Theater, there are two posts regarding my searches for the sources of quotations and other published documents: “‘A Tennessee Williams Treasure Hunt’” [11 April 2009] and “Literary Detection” [3 January 2011]).]

I am a first-generation Black American woman with Indo-Guyanese ancestry and Southern roots, raised in a lower socioeconomic environment in Southeast Washington, D.C., and Newport News, Virginia. It became clear to me early on that art was not readily accessible to all people. In those formative years, I began to shape what has since evolved into a core conviction: The arts are a fundamental right for all people. As an arts leader, a mother of a daughter, and an artist, I strive to make sense of and bring clarity to an increasingly complex world through the transformative power of creative expression. My work is a continuous search for truth.

This written reflection is rooted in the microcosm of these intersecting identities, understanding that U.S. arts institutions—more than 100,000 strong across the nation—are the cultural anchors that shape the collective consciousness of a country. As Christopher Robichaud [b. 1973], senior lecturer in Ethics and Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School of Government, shared [posted on his Facebook page, 6 November 2024; reposted on Medium, n.d. (possibly 11 or 12 November]: “This would be the time for the arts, broadly understood, to step in. The arts can change hearts and minds.”

The future of arts organizations, especially those serving the most vulnerable segments of society, hangs in the balance. This fragility is deeply rooted in generations of historical inequities, which have shaped the arts sector, determining whose stories are told, whose voices are heard, and which artists and communities are given the resources to flourish. As August Wilson [playwright; 1945-2005] poignantly declared in his 1996 speech The Ground on Which I Stand, “Black theatre in America is alive, it is vibrant, it is vital . . . it just isn’t funded.” These words resonate as powerfully today as they did decades ago, not only for Black theatres, but for all arts institutions whose unyielding quest for visibility, recognition, resources, and opportunity stands at a pivotal crossroads.

The stark reality of these inequities is laid bare in the data. The 2017 Helicon Collaborative [research and strategy consultancy that focuses on using the power of culture for social good] report Not Just Money: Equity Issues in Cultural Philanthropy reveals that 58 percent of cultural philanthropic support for arts organizations flows to just 2 percent of the largest institutions—those predominantly centered on Western and European art forms. Meanwhile, 98 percent of arts organizations, and the communities they serve, are left with only 42 percent of that funding. This study also reports that a mere 4 percent of all foundation arts funding is allocated to groups whose primary mission is to serve communities of color—i.e., the arts institutions on the frontlines of addressing long-standing community disinvestment and vulnerabilities.

It is meaningful to look across sectors and challenge the disinvestments, even in our own communities. Woodie King Jr. [stage and screen director and producer, and founder of New York City’s New Federal Theatre; b. 1937], in his 1981 book Black Theatre: Present Condition, explains that “wealthy Black Americans, I am sorry to say, do not invest” in Black institutions or projects. “Wealthy Black Americans invest in AT&T or Twentieth Century Fox.” A survey by the DeVos Institute [of Arts Management at the Kennedy Center] found that the median budget of the nation’s 20 largest arts organizations of color is 90 percent smaller than their mainstream counterparts, with many operating on the brink of financial collapse. It goes without saying that vulnerable institutions are seeing long-standing disinvestments in almost all of the diverse revenue streams that are necessary for greater sustainability, community impact, and service to the common good.

“If arts and culture are primary ways that we empathize with, understand, and communicate with other people—including people different than ourselves—then enabling a broad spectrum of cultural voices is fundamental to creating a sense of the commonwealth and overcoming the pronounced socio-political divides we face today,” wrote Holly Sidford and Alexis Frasz in Not Just Money.

The ravaging effects of the Covid-19 pandemic and the reckoning with racial injustice continue to reverberate throughout the arts sector, with most institutions still reeling. This moment demands visionary and decisive action, and it demands a reliance on the freedom of spontaneous creativity with the certainty of intentional conviction—a.k.a. jazz improvisation—to secure the survival of our arts ecosystem, even without the certainty of a notated score or blueprint for what comes next. As Miles Davis [jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer; 1926-91] once said, “It’s not the note you play that’s the wrong note—it’s the note you play afterwards that makes it right or wrong.” A spontaneous creativity is especially critical for the institutions most at risk. 

[The statement on improvisation is often attributed to Davis, but it’s not explicitly known where the quotation comes from.]

By no means does my reflection here seek to divide or to diminish the struggles unfolding across the broader arts and culture sector. I believe that we must work together and create solutions as a wider collective. But this reflection is aimed at prioritizing resources for those communities and institutions historically overlooked and most in need during this ongoing crisis—institutions and communities directly in the line of fire. These institutions have focused on immigrants, people of color, the LGBTQ+ community, the disability community, women and girls, and the economically disadvantaged. By increasing support in these areas, we can realize a ripple effect that ensures “all boats rise” across the sector, as we fight for the very soul of our democracy, and indeed, the soul of our civilization.

I am inspired by the work of PolicyLink [national research and action institute dedicated to advancing economic and social equity] founder Angela Glover Blackwell [attorney, civil rights advocate, and author; b. 1944], whose championing of the “curb cut effect” provides a powerful lens for this advocacy. The curb cut on sidewalks was originally designed to assist people with disabilities. But this simple, yet profound intervention has proven to benefit everyone from parents with strollers to bikers, travelers, and workers. The principle behind the curb cut effect is that policies aimed at uplifting the most vulnerable often lead to societal benefits that ripple outward, strengthening the collective whole.

“There’s an ingrained societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another,” Glover Blackwell wrote in “The Curb-Cut Effect” for the Stanford Social Innovation Review in [15.1; Winter] 2017. “That equity is a zero sum game. In fact, when the nation targets support where it is needed most—when we create the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully—everyone wins. The corollary is also true: When we ignore the challenges faced by the most vulnerable among us, those challenges, magnified many times over, become a drag on economic growth, prosperity, and national well-being.”

Leaders who serve historically disadvantaged cultural institutions and communities are not lacking in vision, skill, imagination, or the cultural nuances and sensibilities that can only come from within our communities. What is required now are sustained investments and an unshakable belief in our capacity to lead, to be critical changemakers and thought leaders, and to dynamically contribute to a vibrant, flourishing arts ecosystem that anchors a civilization at risk.

Technology is critical to our future, but it is not the next frontier. The construction of larger and more advanced buildings plays a vital role in the growth and expansion of our ecosystem, but they are not the next frontier. The defense and lasting strength of our most fragile institutions and communities—that is the true frontier ahead of us. That is the building of a civilization. A. Philip Randolph [labor unionist and civil rights activist; 1889-1979], leader of the historic 1963 March on Washington [for Jobs and Freedom; 28 August], reminded us that “a community is democratic only when the humblest and weakest person can enjoy the highest civil, economic, and social rights that the biggest and most powerful possess.”

Without well-orchestrated and highly coordinated interventions and partnerships among the philanthropic, corporate, community, and arts and culture sectors, these long-standing fragile institutions may shutter, recalling the time when federal funding cuts in the 1990s meant that 87 percent of Black theatre institutions at the time were unable to keep their doors open. Just in New York City, eight African American theatres closed in the 1990s, as Samuel A. Hay [playwright and founder of the National Conference of African American Theatre (1983); b. 1937] recorded in African American Theatre: An Historical and Critical Analysis (Cambridge University Press, 1994). Without the larger arts and culture sector protecting the very institutions that hold and embody the rich diverse narratives that are our great pluralistic and democratic experiment, the arts and culture sector could very well become part of the cultural monolith that we are trying to push back against—one that builds empires and not civilizations.

I understand that equity is not a monolithic or singular construct, but a complex and multifaceted intersectionality. It is woven through the threads of race, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, faith, and so much more. This nuanced, holistic understanding is the frontier we must embrace if we are to advance together. So many institutions across this vast and beautiful cultural sector have stood resolutely at the intersection of social justice and the arts, serving as guiding lights for marginalized voices to be heard and celebrated. Now, as we face this pivotal moment, we must stand poised to redefine the very role of arts institutions and reach a resounding radical consensus—to challenge the status quo, to reimagine our purpose, and to set about “imagining a world,” in the words of Audre Lorde [writer, professor, philosopher, intersectional feminist, poet, and civil rights activist; 1934-92], “in which we can all flourish.” With the need to exercise unprecedented courage, conviction, and an indefatigable commitment to building a civilization that will live past our time—as one plants trees under whose shade they may never sit—we can rise to defend this right, stand against the forces that seek to dismantle it, and shape a future where healed femurs abound, standing as a living testament to our shared humanity and the unbreakable strength of a collective will to heal our fragile and fractured democracy.

Pulitzer Prize-winning writer Alice Walker [b. 1944] admonished: “The most common way people give up their power is by thinking they don’t have any.” [This statement is widely circulated in print and digital media as a quotation from Walker, but its original source isn’t known. The exact time and place where she first made this remark isn’t documented.] I would humbly recommend a few actions that can be taken now. I am confident there are many more.

•   A National Cross-Sector Arts Task Force: This task force would bring together national leaders from philanthropies, corporations, communities, and the arts and culture sector with a focus on a strategic, multi-year plan to invest in arts institutions that are specifically in the line of fire at this time: immigrants, people of color, the LGBTQ+ community (particularly trans people), the disability community, women and girls, and the economically disadvantaged.

   Community Standing with Community: Community leaders, community members, and businesses can seek out vulnerable institutions and invest in them: buy tickets, donate (giving at every level is meaningful), and create sponsorships and partnerships to build resiliency and greater connections among the community. Volunteer! If there is a skill or pro bono service that can be provided to move an institution forward, provide it. Make Some Noise! For these vulnerable institutions who may be in danger of closing their doors in silence, don’t let it happen. Share their website and upcoming events on social media to keep them alive and well. Use your influence. Share with your followers.

We have the power to reimagine the world, but only as a collective. In the midst of World War II, Pulitzer-winning writer Katherine Anne Porter [1890-1980; Ship of Fools was the best-selling novel in 1962; 1966 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and National Book Award for The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter] penned a sentiment in 1940 that resonates with the struggles we now face—words that provide hope, encourage us to take the long view, and propel us forward . . . together:

In the face of such shape and weight of present misfortune, the voice of the individual artist may seem perhaps of no more consequence than the whirring of a cricket in the grass, but the arts do live continuously, and they live literally by faith; their names and their shapes and their uses and their basic meanings survive unchanged in all that matters through times of interruption, diminishment, neglect; they outlive governments and creeds and the societies, even the very civilization that produced them. They cannot be destroyed altogether because they represent the substance of faith and the only reality. They are what we find again when the ruins are cleared away [introduction to the 1940 Modern Library edition of Flowering Judas].

[Dr. Indira Etwaroo (b. 1971) is a producer, director, scholar, and arts and culture executive.  She’s artistic director and CEO of Harlem Stage.

[As I noted above, I blogged on the crisis besetting theaters in the United States several times in recent months.  Look for my occasional series subtitled the “Regional Theater Series.”  I’ve also written and reposted a number of articles on the culture wars and advocating the support for the arts both in schools and in the communities.  The complete list would be too long to append here, but “The First Amendment & The Arts” (8 May 2010) and “Censorship on School Stages” (30 July 2023) are two pieces that I’d suggest.

[And one more, a real old essay (not of my writing) that I think is important.  It was written in 1939, almost 85 years ago, by a highly esteemed reporter and political commentator, Walter Lippmann (1889-1974).  It’s called “The Indispensable Opposition” (16 November 2011), and I think it’s something that every American should read.  It applies here.]


21 April 2024

"The Courage to Produce: A Conversation on High School Censorship"

by Allison Considine, Jessica Lit, Jordan Stovall, and Nadine Smith 

[On 30 July 2023, I posted “Censorship on School Stages,” my take on a trend that had been developing across the United States for over a year at that time.  The Rick On Theater post was inspired by newspaper reports such as the Washington Post’s “The culture war’s latest casualty: The high school musical” by Hannah Natanson (2 May 2023) and “On School Stages, Politics Plays a Leading Role” by Michael Paulson in the New York Times (4 July 2023). 

[“Censorship on School Stages” (Rick On Theater: Censorship on School Stages) was my first post focusing specifically on school censorship of theater, but I’d blogged on censorship, suppression, and other forms of repression of the freedom of expression in numerous other articles, including “Degrading the Arts” (13 August 2009), ”The First Amendment & The Arts” (8 May 2010), “Disappearing Theater” (19 July 2010), “‘The Arts Are Under Attack (Again!)’” by Paul Molloy (22 May 2011), “Culture War” (6 February 2014), and “The First Amendment & The Arts, Redux” (13 February 2015), among others.

[Over the years since I started ROT, which just passed its 15th anniversary last 16 March, I’ve established an ad hoc series on the accommodation of theater and the arts in our society.  Sometimes I addressed this topic directly, and sometimes I addressed a closely related subject, such as arts funding or arts education.

[At this juncture, let me quote myself (in slightly reformatted form) from “The First Amendment & The Arts,” just to make one thing clear before you read this article on my blog:

I ought to confess here that I’m pretty much a First Amendment absolutist.  One of my favorite theater lines is from Peter Stone and Sherman Edwards’s musical 1776.  Stephen Hopkins, the iconoclastic and cantankerous delegate from Rhode Island, declares, when asked to vote for or against an open debate on independence, declares: “Well, I’ll tell y’—in all my years I never heard, seen, nor smelled an issue that was so dangerous it couldn’t be talked about.  Hell yes, I’m for debatin’ anything . . . !”

That fairly well sums up my feelings: we should be allowed to talk about anything in this society, even stuff most other people don’t want to hear.  The only proper response to speech we don’t like is more speech.  You don’t cut people off when you don’t like what they’re saying, you debate them.

[“‘The Courage to Produce,’” which is a conversation between Nadine Smith and Jessica Lit, ran in the Winter 2024 issue of American Theatre (40.2), and was also posted at AMERICAN THEATRE | The Courage to Produce: A Conversation on High School Censorship on 1 April 2024.  (American Theatre, now a quarterly magazine, is published by the Theatre Communications Group, an organization for non-profit theater companies in the U.S.)

[Nadine Smith, a former journalist, is the Executive Director of Equality Florida, the state’s largest organization dedicated to ending discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.  In 2022, she was named to the Time 100, Time magazine’s annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world

[An award-winning journalist turned organizer, Smith was one of four national co-chairs of the 1993 March on Washington.  She was part of the historic meeting with then-President Bill Clinton (42nd President of the United States: 1993-2001) on 16 April 1993, the first Oval Office meeting between a sitting president and LGBTQ community leaders.  She served on the founding board of the International Gay and Lesbian Youth Organization.

[Smith, who lives in St. Petersburg (which she calls “St. Pete”) with her wife Andrea and son Logan, is a Florida Chamber Foundation Trustee and served on President Barack Obama’s (44th President of the United States: 2009-17) National Finance Committee.  She’s been named one of her state’s “Most Powerful and Influential Women” by the Florida Diversity Council and has received the League of Women Voters’ Woman of Distinction Award.  In 2018, she was named one of the 100 Most Influential Floridians by Influence Magazine, a magazine of Florida politics.  She currently serves as chair of the Florida Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights.

[Equality Florida is a political advocacy group that promotes civil rights and protections for LGBTQ residents of Florida.  Equality Florida was formed in 1997 by Smith and Stratton Pollitzer, an expert in LGBTQ non-profit development, just before Governor Jeb Bush took office (1999-2007) and Florida's state government became considerably more conservative.  

[A former actor, Jessica Lit is the Director of Business Affairs of the Dramatists Guild.  She’s an intellectual property and entertainment attorney with a focus on empowering artists of diverse backgrounds and disciplines to take control of their careers by educating them about their legal rights.  She recently decided to channel that interest into launching a solo practice, The Lit Esquire PLLC, aimed at doing just that. 

[Lit has a strong background in the arts, having earned her B.A. in theater performance from New York City’s Fordham University in 2011 before she went on to start a theater company with fellow classmates that focused on producing works exclusively written by women.  

[After stepping away from performing, Jessica earned her real estate license in New York and worked for three years as a full-time agent under several high-profile brokerages in New York City, where she specialized in working with performing artists to help find their first apartments in the city.

[While she no longer performs as a career, Lit has stayed involved in the arts in any way she can, including serving as a co-producer on a weekly magic show on New York City’s Upper West Side from 2014 to 2015 and appearing in an episode of The Perfect Murder (2017-18) on Investigation Discovery, a cable channel dedicated to true crime documentaries.

[Lit earned her Juris Doctor (J.D. – Doctor of Law) degree in 2019  from Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law of Yeshiva University in New York City with a concentration in intellectual property.  While at Cardozo, she facilitated student-led discussions sponsored by the Office of Diversity and Inclusion, was an active member of the Moot Court Honor Society, and served as Problem Editor for the 2019 BMI Entertainment and Communications Law Moot Court Competition.  Jessica was admitted to the New York State Bar in 2020 and recently relocated to her hometown of Charlotte, North Carolina.]

A dialogue on how students, teachers, and parents can push back against a wave of conservative legislation and intimidation that threatens to chill theatrical expression.

The kooky, macabre musical The Addams Family was named the most-produced tuner on U.S. high school stages for the 2022-23 school year. But there will be at least one less mysterious and spooky production for next year’s tally since a Pennsylvania school board voted to cancel a 2024 production, citing the show’s “dark themes.” [This instance was an example in “Censorship on School Stages.”]

Since 1938, the Educational Theatre Association (EdTA) has polled theatre educators to identify the most-produced musicals and plays, but its latest survey also measured the impact of a troubling resurgence of censorship. A whopping 67 percent of educators told EdTA they are weighing potential controversies when they make show selections—and with good reason. 

In recent years, a so-called “parents’ rights” movement has staked a claim in controlling the K-12 curriculum, leading to a surge of banned books and restrictions on performances. Florida’s House Bill 1069, which restricts media with sexual content, has even put Shakespeare’s oeuvre under scrutiny. Many lessons now only excerpt the Bard’s plays rather than teach them in full. As part of a counter-movement, the New York Public Library recently launched the Books for All initiative, making censored playscripts and musical libretti available online to teenagers nationwide.

[Considine is slightly misleading here. NYPL is not supplying censored books in the sense that the texts to which the library is providing access are edited or abridged. NYPL is providing online access to the original texts of books, plays, and libretti that have been banned elsewhere.]

The polarized political climate has only added to the backstage drama at high school theatre auditoriums, the latest arena for the culture wars. Parents and school board members are challenging show choices, requesting script changes, and outright canceling student productions with social or political themes, especially LGBTQ+ content. Last year, a Florida school gained traction on social media after canceling a production of Indecent, which centers on a queer Jewish romance. [This case of censorship is also in my post.] And last fall an Illinois school board canceled a production of The Prom, a musical about a group of Broadway actors who travel to a conservative town to help a lesbian student banned from bringing her girlfriend to the prom—though in response to uproar over the decision, the show will in fact go on this spring.

In Indiana, students took matters into their own hands, independently staging the gender-bending play Marian, or the True Tale of Robin Hood after a school canceled the production for its LGBTQ+ themes. An Ohio school requested 23 revisions before staging The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee, removing explicit language and the mention of gay characters. A Texas school board canceled a school field trip in response to a social media post accusing a production of James and the Giant Peach that featured actors playing both male and female roles as being a form of “drag.”

This disheartening trend of censoring playscripts and productions coincides with an uptick in conservative legislation aiming to limit queer representation in the classroom. The ACLU is currently tracking a staggering 233 schools and education bills that directly target LGBTQ+ rights and expression.

This threat of censorship not only robs theatre kids of time in the limelight; it also deprives young students in the audience of the opportunity to witness different human experiences. It targets educators and their beliefs and impacts how—and what—they teach. These attacks also affect dramatists and composers, whose works are being amended and pulled from libraries and stages.

Censorship was a major theme of the 2023 EdTA conference in St. Pete Beach, Fla., where middle and high school theatre educators gathered last September. The programming included “The Courage to Produce,” two sessions curated by Jordan Stovall, the director of Outreach and Institutional Partnerships at the Dramatists Guild of America (DG), about navigating controversies and best practices for educators. The sessions were inspired by the Dramatists Legal Defense Fund’s “Dramatic Changes: A Toolkit for Producing Stage Works on College Campuses in Turbulent Times.” The following excerpt from a conversation between Jessica Lit, the DG’s director of business affairs, and Nadine Smith, co-founder and executive director of Equality Florida, has been edited for length and clarity.

                                                       Illustration for American Theatre by Colin Tom

JESSICA LIT: Welcome to “The Courage to Produce.” If you’re not familiar with the DG, we are a national trade association for playwrights, librettists, lyricists, and composers, and our mission is to aid dramatists in protecting the artistic and economic integrity of our work. Our sister organization, the DLDF, was created in 2011 to advocate and educate and provide resources in defense of the First Amendment. Since its inception, it’s been an active voice in supporting institutions which have been the targets of attacks on free speech, including the recent cancellation of Indecent at Douglas Anderson School of the Arts in Jacksonville, Fla. The DLDF also recently partnered with the EdTA to establish standards for protecting free expression when theatrical works are taught in educational institutions.

Today I am joined by the co-founder and executive director of Equality Florida, Nadine Smith. Equality Florida is Florida’s statewide civil rights organization dedicated to securing full equality for Florida’s lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer community. Would you like to talk a little bit about Equality Florida and introduce yourself?

NADINE SMITH: Good morning. I live in St. Pete, and we founded Equality Florida when we realized that we were doing lots of local work, but this place called Tallahassee [the capital of the state of Florida], out in the middle of nowhere, was where big decisions were being made that impacted our lives. Actually, we’ve been around for 27 years—formally in January of ’97, but we existed before then.

For decades, we held at bay all of the anti-LGBTQ+ legislation in Florida. But 20 years of increasingly extreme Republican control of every level of government has sort of metastasized with [Donald] Trump [45th President of the United States: 2017-21] and [Ron] DeSantis [Governor of Florida since 2019]. And so we saw in these last two years what began first and foremost as an attack on the transgender community, trans kids in particular, and we also saw a whitewashing of history—no more racist dog whistles; it is a foghorn. We’ve seen bodily autonomy attacked in every way, from abortion bans to banning access to medical care for the trans community, and a stripping away of rights.

One of the ways that’s shown up most visibly has been the banning of books and theatre. I think it’s important for people to understand that this isn’t some movement that has grown organically from concerns raised by parents. The Florida legislature wrote the law in such a way that any resident of the county, they don’t even have to be a parent, can get any book pulled off the shelf in Florida. It’s a de facto ban even when it’s not a technical ban—i.e., schools fear they are vulnerable to lawsuits if they don’t remove books preemptively.

We were talking earlier about, how often do you think of eras in American history, where we see these book bans, a clamping down on art? And what else usually arrives with that? We have to raise the alarm at how perilous this moment is, at how normalized things that should be not just abnormal but hideous to us have become. You know, when they banned The Life of Rosa Parks, we were like, “This is outrageous.” And now it’s like, yeah, there were just another 10,000 titles pulled off shelves.

[The Life of Rosa Parks by Kathleen Connors (Gareth Stevens Classroom, 2013) was pulled from second grade classrooms in the Duval County public school district in Florida in 2022.]

I’m a Shakespearean actor, paid for it as well. In schools in Florida, they will not do Shakespeare because of how many gender-reversed roles there are in Shakespeare plays. So they will do excerpts.

JESSICA: Thank you, Nadine. I’m going to introduce myself. I’m the director of business affairs for the DG, and I do a lot of advocacy work. I also help in creating resources for educators, and for our members, to help advocate for their rights in the industry.

We’re all here because we love theatre and its ability to bring people together to tell stories that may not have been told, to be a vehicle for change. We understand that censorship and cancellations aren’t new. They’ve been around for as long as stage plays have been around. But as Nadine has just talked about, there are new trends, and it’s not just angry voices. It’s legislation coming down from our local, our state, our federal governments that we need to start thinking about as we enter this new era.

Today there is proposed, pending, and passed legislation in many states. Nadine, you talked a little bit about the book banning that’s happening in Florida, but is there other legislation that theatre educators should be aware of as they move through this new time?

NADINE: Yeah, bans on drag queens or drag performances. The insinuation is that any time somebody is performing in drag, it is inappropriate for children to be present. So if you bring your child to a play like Twelfth Night, have you brought them to a drag show? Have you exposed them to a dangerous ideology that will play “tug of war” with their gender identity?

In Florida there was a program at a theatre in Orlando, similar to a drag Christmas. They ended up putting on tickets for the first time that no one under 18 was allowed. The governor insisted that law enforcement be present. They left the theatre and said nothing untoward occurred, nothing inappropriate. The governor went after their beverage license anyway, claiming that the language on the ticket was printed too small to be of value, and that even though there was nothing sexually inappropriate, the fact that there were people performing opposite of their gender was sufficient to pull their license. They only just settled with three businesses; one of them was Hamburger Mary’s [a restaurant that presents a “family-friendly drag show”]. People are touting it as a win, but the chilling effect is very real.

The chilling effect is intentionally vague so that it casts a big shadow. The impulse is to go, “I don’t want any problems. I will do the least dangerous thing. I will do the thing that is so far from the line that I can’t get caught up even in their overzealous prosecution.” And slowly, the impact of that, not the actual letter of the law, begins to create the worst kind of censorship, which is self-censorship, where we don’t even permit ourselves to think things or pursue things because of a fear of what that vagueness might ensnare.

In the same way they say sunlight is the best disinfectant, ensure that anything which is vague is made concrete. Say to them: “Would you put in writing why this play is impermissible by law?” Six months from now, that could be the most important document in a lawsuit. Make them be explicit about why. And if you’re in a place where these restrictions aren’t being put and you’re not constrained by them, I would say, make sure that you’re building this into all of your performances.

It’s a time for courage. You might be that person in your school district, in your institution, along the chain who’s going to disrupt people sinking to the path of these resistances.

JESSICA: I think what you highlighted specifically is that schools are where kids are being introduced to ideas and cultures for the first time, and we shouldn’t shy away from introducing them to these cultures and different opinions and different viewpoints and different lifestyles because we’re afraid that they can’t handle it. If anyone can handle it, it’s young minds who haven’t been exposed to the discrimination, the hate, and all those things yet. This is actually a great segue to our next question for you.

[Jessica Lit addresses the lessons students can learn from being exposed to a variety of plays, a subject I introduce in “Censorship on School Stages,” but I also write about the unwelcome lessons the efforts to suppress and censor what students can see or read in secondary school can teach.]

Can you speak about the importance of addressing topics of queer identity, relationships, self-actualization in the classroom? We know that high school and middle school theatre is an entry point for many kids who identify with the LGBTQ+ community. 

NADINE: You know, I am 58. I know, I look good. [Laughter.] I remember being young, being fearful, and being homophobic to try to put people off the trail, especially playing basketball and softball. I had to throw out a lot of diversionary tactics, though not very effectively. So I understand how internalized homophobia shows up as bigotry in the world. And all of that is by way of saying that, I felt an extraordinary amount of isolation. And there are a lot of young people who do not survive that level of isolation. The suicide rate among LGBTQ+ young people is often talked about, but there’s also the homeless rate, the dropout rate, the self-medicating rate, when you have no place you can turn and the only places that you spend the majority of your time, which are school and home, are hostile environments—the world gets very small very fast.

Representation and visibility are literally life-saving. I want to ring the alarm bell so loudly. The dangerous normalization of these hideous laws has created a world in which young people are watching their favorite teachers who created safety for them leave the profession. They’re seeing empty spaces on bookshelves. All of the books are being taken out of classrooms because they haven’t gone through the approval process. Even donating books that reflect different experiences is no longer permitted.

For people who live in other states, start organizing. In Illinois, they passed a ban on book bans. It’s important that there be a countervailing message, and in places where you’re not having to fend off these attacks, go on the offensive and make a big deal. Vilify what’s happening in Florida and other states. We have to take it that seriously and not just wait until the wolf is at the door.

JESSICA: Thank you. I’m actually going to take a question out to those in the room. How many of you have faced challenges when you’re teaching or presenting works? Or had students come to you asking questions about the current legislative landscape that we’re living in? 

A show of hands indicates there are educators present that have experienced this. One educator in a Catholic school speaks on the particular challenges they faced with administration when attempting to cast a transgender child in a production, and navigating bringing works by different artists into the classroom. 

NADINE: The only purpose of this is to create moral panic. It’s a playbook, and it plays out again and again. Because we haven’t gone through the conciliation process required of our history, we have all of these unexamined and unresolved ways of dealing with difference in America that show up episodically as this massive backlash.

There’s a professor at Boston University named Stephen Prothero and he’s written several books. One of them is about this phenomenon. He says the backlash is a lagging indicator of how much progress we’ve made. The only reason they’re going after us is because young LGBTQ+ people are visible, do feel like they have a place in the world, are showing up as their full selves in school, are finding a support network among their teachers. And so, basically, he says, by the time the backlash arrives, the cultural tipping point has already come.

I think of it as a slingshot, where they are grabbing that slingshot and they’re walking us backwards. But what they don’t realize is they’re creating this dynamic tension that will leave their grip. We won’t just go back to where we were when they attacked. We’re going to propel forward into a world that looks much more like one that includes all of us.

Another educator speaks about the experience of dealing with community-wide controversy and issues with their administration over a production of To Kill a Mockingbird.

NADINE: I think we have to come out of the closet and tell these stories, share much more of how these things are happening. Every time we make them shut things down or we make them explain, we also are kind of showing this universe of people how to fight back.

One university in Florida was told they had to take down the university’s equity and inclusion policy. And what they did was they said, “Here’s our former diversity, equity, and inclusion policy. We have been ordered by the state to remove it. So we want you to know that this is no longer our diversity, equity, and inclusion policy.” Of course, then everybody read their diversity, equity, and inclusion policy. 

I’m saying we’ve got to be creative. I love that you keep taking it back to the students and saying, How do we tell this lesson that teaches them how to navigate? Coming up with these ideas and strategies that don’t put students in the position of, “Hey, I’m going to defend you, I’m going to risk it all to defend you,” which is one instinct, but rather, “You’re not powerless in the face of this. They can’t stop your voice. They can’t stop your TikTok. They can’t stop your message online. Here’s the phone call to PEN America, you may go to the Dramatist Legal Defense Fund, or here are the articles that have been written that can contextualize this. Here’s the background on these organizations that are systematically going after art.” By showing them these things, I think they’re going to emerge into society as people who don’t quietly capitulate. They want you to be fearful.

NADINE: Even though young people are experiencing these really ugly, fascistic impulses that are curtailing their rights, how you guide them in those moments may produce more of what we need in this world.

Another educator speaks on their experiences with censorship, community backlash, and having books and plays removed from their school’s library system after attempting to add them to the curriculum. 

NADINE: We started a group called Parenting with Pride precisely because [of issues like these]. One of the things I encourage is to be proactive and work with the PTA, work with the parents’ groups, work with the parents of the students in whatever you’re creating. And say, “Listen, I don’t know if you’re even watching these timelines, but this atmosphere has developed where one parent will complain on opening night, try and shut down all of the hard work of your kid, and we really need to be in this together.” Which is a thing you probably never would have had to do or think about, but in this atmosphere, we have to go on the offense and we have to engage parents so that it’s not a mom consciously defending the virtues of children from sinister forces.

JESSICA: I want to speak a little bit about the First Amendment. It is different in high schools and middle schools than it is on college campuses, because your students are minors. But the Supreme Court has said that students and teachers do not shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse gate. That is from Tinker v. Des Moines [I describe this case briefly in my 2023 post]. It’s a well-established freedom in our country.

I want to encourage all of you to use your voices to speak up, because while there is limited academic freedom, school boards and school administrations have a wider discretion in determining what kinds of materials can be taught. Discretion does not mean that they can censor something because they’re hostile to the ideas that are presented. There has to be a legitimate educational purpose for why they are removing or moving something.

I’ll take the example of evolution. They may say, you know what, maybe fifth graders aren’t prepared to understand this concept so we’re going to move it to the eighth grade curriculum. That’s okay, but to say we’re not going to teach evolution because we don’t believe in evolution, we don’t understand evolution—that’s unacceptable.

Also, speaking about personal freedom as it relates to you as teachers: Nadine talked about organizing in your community, using your voice outside of schools. They can only really go after you if what you are doing outside of school is substantially and materially disrupting what’s happening in schools. So if you are going on your social media, you are organizing in your communities and creating protests outside of the school grounds or encouraging your students to do the same, you have that right under the First Amendment. I really want to make sure that you’re aware of that. Even though you are in a different situation with schools, it doesn’t mean that you’re now completely eradicated of your First Amendment rights. It’s something to really think about as you move forward.

And creating allies, not just with your parents and the kids, but within your community. One of the things that DLDF has done is rally people to attend school board meetings. Not just parents, but members of the community or people who care. Recently there was a cancellation of The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee in Ohio. We put out a statement, and many people attended a virtual school board meeting. The show went back on. It wasn’t parents that were even local to Ohio. It was people who care about theatre, people who care about seeing different points of views.

When these things happen, don’t think that you are isolated. Don’t think you’re alone. Think about the educators who are sitting here today. Think about the work that Equality Florida is doing. Come talk to us at the DG. We will do everything we can to help. We put out many statements, but we also have tried to help students find different venues to put a show on. There are resources available for you. Take advantage of them.

It’s a scary time, but the louder we can be, the better.  

To find out more about the Dramatists Guild, including the rights theatre writers have against censorship and cancellation of their work, visit www.dramatistsguild.com.

To find out more about the Dramatists Legal Defense Fund [DLDF], find out how to support this work, or to reach out regarding additional resources including “Dramatic Changes: A Toolkit for Producing Stage Works on College Campuses in Turbulent Times,” visit www.thedldf.org.

To learn more about Equality Florida, find out how to support this work, or to reach out regarding additional resources, visit http://equalityflorida.org/.

[Jordan Stovall/Wanda Whatever (they/them) is a playwright, arts administrator, queer events producer, and drag artist based in London.  They presently serve as the Director of Outreach & Institutional Partnerships for the Dramatists Guild, where they have worked since January 2016.

[Stovall’s plays have been shortlisted and selected as Finalists for the Eugene O’Neill Playwrights Festival and Relentless Award, among others.  They have studied playwriting and have received artistic mentoring from the likes of Tina Howe, Tanika Gupta, Ola Animashawun, Deborah Zoe Laufer, Michele Lowe, Stefanie Zadravec, Gary Garrison, and more.  

[Stun premièred at The Cockpit Theatre in London after several developmental public showcases in the U.S. and U.K.; corpus premièred at the Midtown International Theatre Festival in New York following its showing at the Manhattan Reading Competition; Aviary premièred at the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama after a showing as part of LGBTQ+ Tiny Shows at Omnibus Theatre.  They are a Resident of the Hamilton Project IX at the Barn Arts Collective.

[As a drag artist, Stovall is the founder and executive producer of the Time Out London Award-Nominated Boulangerie: A Queer Variety Show, and FUSSY, a bi-monthly ongoing party and series of queer community gatherings/arts-focused events at Dalston Superstore (formerly in residence at The Yard Theater, Hackney Wick).  

[They can be seen on upcoming miniseries Pistol on FX directed by Danny Boyle and Meet the Richardsons (BBC Studios).  They have performed in Bushwig NYC and Bushwig Berlin festivals, Sink the Pink, were a finalist in Season 1 and winner of the Christmas edition of drag competition The Gold Rush at The Glory.  They regularly perform in multiple venues across London (Dalston Superstore, Royal Vauxhall Tavern, The White Swan, etc.), as well as New York venues such as The Rosemont, Hardware, Club Cumming, Metropolitan, The Duplex, The West End, and more.

[They are Program Manager for the New Visions Fellowship, founding Co-Administrator for End of Play, National Playwriting Month, and founding Executive Administrator of the Dramatists Guild Institute.

[Stovall has an MFA in Writing in the Stage and Broadcast Media from the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama in London (2019) and a BA in Theatre/Performing Arts from Florida’s University of Tampa (2011).

[Allison Considine, who wrote the introduction to this dialogue transcript, is the senior editor of American Theatre.  She studied literature and cultural studies and theater arts at New York City’s Pace University.  She is a Brooklyn-based writer and editor whose writing has appeared in American Theatre magazine, Backstage, Broadway Style Guide, and TDF Stages.  She contributed to the book American Theatre Wing, An Oral History: 100 Years, 100 Voices, 100 Million Miracles (American Theatre Wing, 2018), a 100-year history on the celebrated organization behind the Tony Awards.

[After college, Considine took a sidestep from acting and turned her attention to arts journalism, which allows her to explore the creative process behind the stage magic.  She enjoys connecting with emerging theater professionals educators about theater training—and, of course, seeing it all come together on stage.]